Stock Trading Explained

Your complete guide to investing in company shares

Learn everything about stock trading - from basic concepts to advanced strategies. Discover different ways to trade stocks and choose the method that suits your goals.

Search Stocks

Try: Apple, MSFT, Tesla, AAPL

AAPL

Apple Inc.

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MSFT

Microsoft Corp.

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GOOGL

Alphabet Inc.

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TSLA

Tesla Inc.

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AMZN

Amazon.com Inc.

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NVDA

NVIDIA Corp.

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META

Meta Platforms Inc.

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NFLX

Netflix Inc.

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What Are Stocks?

Understanding company shares and equity ownership

Stocks represent ownership shares in publicly traded companies. When you buy stocks, you become a partial owner of that company and gain certain rights, including potential voting power and claims to the company's assets and earnings.

Stock prices fluctuate based on company performance, market conditions, investor sentiment, and economic factors. As a shareholder, you can profit from stock price appreciation and may receive dividend payments if the company distributes profits to shareholders.

The stock market provides liquidity, allowing you to buy and sell shares easily during trading hours. This makes stocks one of the most accessible and popular investment vehicles for building long-term wealth.

Major Stock Exchanges

Where stocks are traded around the world

NASDAQ

United States

World's second-largest stock exchange, known for technology companies

Trading Hours:

9:30 AM - 4:00 PM EST

Currency:USD
Notable Companies:

Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Google, Tesla

NYSE

United States

World's largest stock exchange by market capitalization

Trading Hours:

9:30 AM - 4:00 PM EST

Currency:USD
Notable Companies:

Berkshire Hathaway, JPMorgan Chase, Johnson & Johnson

LSE

United Kingdom

One of the oldest and largest stock exchanges in Europe

Trading Hours:

8:00 AM - 4:30 PM GMT

Currency:GBP
Notable Companies:

Shell, AstraZeneca, Unilever, BP

Euronext

Europe (Netherlands, France, Belgium, Portugal)

Pan-European exchange covering multiple countries

Trading Hours:

9:00 AM - 5:30 PM CET

Currency:EUR
Notable Companies:

ASML, LVMH, Airbus, Spotify

TSE

Japan

Largest stock exchange in Asia by market capitalization

Trading Hours:

9:00 AM - 3:00 PM JST

Currency:JPY
Notable Companies:

Toyota, Sony, SoftBank, Nintendo

SSE

China

One of the largest stock exchanges in mainland China

Trading Hours:

9:30 AM - 3:00 PM CST

Currency:CNY
Notable Companies:

Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Mobile

How to Trade Stocks

Different ways to gain exposure to stock markets

Direct Stock Purchase

Buy actual shares of companies through a broker or bank

Medium Risk

Pros:

  • Full ownership of shares
  • Voting rights in company decisions
  • Dividend payments
  • Long-term wealth building
  • No expiration dates

Cons:

  • Requires full stock price upfront
  • Limited to market hours
  • Dividend taxes may apply
  • No leverage available
Best For:

Long-term investors seeking ownership

Min. Investment:

Price of one share (fractional shares available)

Stock CFDs

Trade on stock price movements without owning the actual shares

High Risk

Pros:

  • Leverage available (amplified returns)
  • Go long or short
  • Lower capital requirements
  • Extended trading hours
  • No stamp duty in some regions

Cons:

  • No ownership rights
  • No dividend payments (usually)
  • Overnight fees apply
  • Higher risk due to leverage
  • Potential for larger losses
Best For:

Active traders and short-term strategies

Min. Investment:

As low as $1 with leverage

Stock Options

Contracts giving the right to buy/sell stocks at specific prices

Very High Risk

Pros:

  • Lower capital requirement
  • Potential for high returns
  • Risk limitation (for buyers)
  • Hedging capabilities
  • Leverage effects

Cons:

  • Complex strategies required
  • Options can expire worthless
  • Time decay affects value
  • Higher complexity
  • Limited availability
Best For:

Experienced traders with options knowledge

Min. Investment:

Option premium (varies widely)

Stock ETFs

Exchange-traded funds that track stock indices or sectors

Low to Medium Risk

Pros:

  • Instant diversification
  • Lower fees than mutual funds
  • Trade like individual stocks
  • Professional management
  • Various sector exposures

Cons:

  • No individual stock picking
  • Management fees apply
  • Tracking errors possible
  • Less control over holdings
Best For:

Passive investors seeking diversification

Min. Investment:

Price of one ETF share

Fractional Shares

Buy portions of expensive stocks with smaller amounts

Medium Risk

Pros:

  • Access to expensive stocks
  • Dollar-cost averaging
  • Portfolio diversification
  • Lower barriers to entry
  • Proportional dividends

Cons:

  • Limited broker availability
  • Potential liquidity issues
  • Fewer voting rights
  • Some restrictions apply
Best For:

Small investors and beginners

Min. Investment:

As low as $1

Why Trade Stocks?

Key advantages of stock market investing

Wealth Building Potential

Historically, stocks have provided superior long-term returns compared to other asset classes

Dividend Income

Many stocks pay regular dividends, providing passive income streams

Inflation Protection

Stock returns have historically outpaced inflation over the long term

Liquidity

Easy to buy and sell during market hours with transparent pricing

Ownership Rights

Shareholders get voting rights and say in company decisions

Global Access

Invest in companies from around the world and diversify geographically

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about stock trading

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Important Risk Information

Stock trading involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors. Stock prices can be volatile and may go down as well as up. Past performance is not indicative of future results. You may lose some or all of your investment. Please ensure you understand the risks before investing.

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